how long was william henry harrison speech in minutes

[3] His father was a Virginia planter, who served as a delegate to the Continental Congress (17741777) and who signed the Declaration of Independence. [69] Americans blamed the British for inciting the tribes to violence and supplying them with firearms, and Congress passed resolutions condemning the British for interfering in American domestic affairs. Nothing worked. Journalist Richard Smith Elliott later wrote that Elder knew passion and prejudice, properly aroused and directed, would do about as well as principle and reason.. In 1824, he was elected to the United States Senate, though his Senate term was cut short by his appointment as Minister Plenipotentiary to Gran Colombia in 1828. How Long? At first Harrison took no part in these raucous rallies. He then received reinforcements in 1813, took the offensive, and led the army north to battle. Contemporary presidents typically give speeches in the 2,000-3,000-word range. He had accumulated no substantial wealth during his lifetime, and he lived on his savings, a small pension, and the income produced by his farm. WebWilliam Henry Harrison was the first Whig to enter office, and the first President to die in office. He gave the longest inauguration speech in history, 8,445 words delivered in one hour and forty-five minutes. President Thomas Jefferson reappointed Harrison as governor of the Indiana Territory in 1801 and in 1804 added most of the Louisiana Purchase to the territory for one year. A group arrived in his office on March 16 to demand the removal of all Democrats from any appointed office, and Harrison proclaimed, "So help me God, I will resign my office before I can be guilty of such an iniquity! https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/william-henry-harrison-1773-1841 He condemned the financial excesses of the prior administration and pledged not to interfere with congressional financial policy. "[110] The dispute escalated when Harrison named as Secretary of State Daniel Webster, Clay's arch-rival for control of the Whig Party. INAUGURAL ADDRESS On March 4, 1841, without coat, hat or gloves, Virginia-born William Henry Harrison delivered the longest inauguration speech in United States history. They invited women to Harrison rallies and parades, where they waved white handkerchiefs as the marchers passed. As he was about to conclude his remarks, Harrison incorporated his reliance upon the country's freedom of religion while taking pains to present himself as part of the religious mainstream rather than a dissenter or member of a minority faith: I deem the present occasion sufficiently important and solemn to justify me in expressing to my fellow-citizens a profound reverence for the Christian religion and a thorough conviction that sound morals, religious liberty, and a just sense of religious responsibility are essentially connected with all true and lasting happiness; and to that good Being who has blessed us by the gifts of civil and religious freedom, who watched over and prospered the labors of our fathers and has hitherto preserved to us institutions far exceeding in excellence those of any other people, let us unite in fervently commending every interest of our beloved country in all future time. Harrison, after leaving his post but while still in the country, wrote his roughly ten-page letter to Bolivar, which is reproduced in full in the Hall and Burr biographies. Harrison was a general at the time and became president in 1841. We speak particularly on this point, because we were eyewitnesses of all that passed. [43], In 1805, Harrison built a plantation-style home near Vincennes that he named Grouseland, in tribute to the birds on the property. Exactly one month after taking the oath of office, Harrison was dead. On December 4, 1839, the Whigs opened their first convention in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, to choose a nominee for the 1840 presidential race. WebCreate your account. [134], Harrison's cabinet insisted that Tyler was "Vice President acting as President". [5], Harrison was tutored at home until age 14 when he attended HampdenSydney College, a Presbyterian college in Virginia. President John Adams appoints William Henry Harrison governor of the Indiana Territory. He encouraged resistance by telling the tribes to pay white traders only half of what they owed and to give up all the white man's ways, including their clothing, muskets, and especially whiskey. Harrison launched a successful counterattack after Admiral Oliver Hazard Perry defeated British ships on nearby Lake Erie and sent Harrison the famous dispatch: We have met the enemy, and they are ours. On October 5, 1813, Harrison defeated retreating British and Native American forces at the Thames River in what is now the province of Ontario. 100 Charlottesville, VA 22903 (434) 924-3296. [117][118], Harrison had been physically worn down by many persistent office seekers and a demanding social schedule. In 1831, Harrison closed his farms corn distillery after his son William Henry Harrison Jr. became an alcoholic. Wayne made Harrison one of his aides-de-camp and cited him for bravery during the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, the final battle of the Northwest Indian War that opened the Northwest Territory (present day Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and a small part of Minnesota) to white settlement and, through the Treaty of Greenville signed the following year, displaced Indian tribes from most of what would become Ohio. Anna never moved into the White House. The two new territories were formally established by law in 1800. For nearly two hours, Harrison addressed the crowd. Gen. James Winchester, whom Harrison had ordered to prepare to cross Lake Erie on the ice and surprise Fort Maiden, turned back to rescue the threatened American settlement at Frenchtown (now Monroe, Michigan), on the River Raisin, and there on January 22, 1813, was forced to surrender to Col. Henry A. Procter. [1] This was a prominent political family of English descent whose ancestors had been in Virginia since the 1630s;[2] he became the last American president not born as an American citizen. Harrison died just past midnight on the morning of April 4, 1841, thirty-two days after being inaugurated. William Henry Harrison -- who also served as Indiana territorial governor -- holds the record for the longest speech, delivering 8,460 words during his 1841 inaugural [100][101] He was a son of Benjamin Harrison V, a Founding Father of the United States. In one sentence, this described the new American political process. [135] The cabinet consulted with Chief Justice Roger Taney and decided that, if Tyler took the presidential oath of office, he would assume the office of president. William Henry Harrison is born at Berkeley Plantation in Charles City County, the youngest of seven children of Benjamin Harrison V, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and Elizabeth Bassett Harrison. The Whigs planned a traditional presidential campaign until a political attack forever changed campaigning. Harrisons slogan, Tippecanoe and Tyler Too, referring to his running mate, former U.S. senator from Virginia John Tyler, became one of the most famous campaign slogans. But Harrison, who had mounting debts, kept seeking higher-paying federal jobs. [96] A memorable example was the Gold Spoon Oration that Pennsylvania's Whig representative Charles Ogle delivered in the House, ridiculing Van Buren's elegant White House lifestyle and lavish spending. [10] With the influence of his father's friend, Governor Henry Lee III, he embarked upon a military career. Harrison wrote at the time, "we might look forward to a day when a North American sun would not look down upon a slave. But what Harrison is probably best known for is his short stint in office: less than a month after taking the Presidency, Harrison died. Emeritus Professor of Humanities The following year he was made a lieutenant and subsequently served as an aide-de-camp to Gen. Anthony Wayne, who was engaged in a struggle against the Northwest Indian Confederation over the westward encroachment of white settlers. Marshal of the District of Columbia Alexander Hunter recalled an incident in which Harrison was besieged by office seekers who were preventing him from getting to a cabinet meeting; when his pleas for their consideration were ignored, Harrison finally "accepted their petitions, which filled his arms and pockets". An opposition newspaper writer portrayed him as a feeble, elderly man: Give him a barrel of hard cider, and settle a pension of two thousand a year on him, and take my word for it, he will sit the remainder of his days in his log cabin. The Whigs made this image of Harrison as a cabin-dwelling, cider-drinking common man the centerpiece of his campaigneven though he descended from the Virginia elite, lived in a mansion, and didnt drink hard cideras a contrast to the cosmopolitan Van Buren. At age fifty-six, Harrison returned to his home in North Bend, Ohio. William Henry Harrison was inaugurated as the ninth president of the United States on March 4, 1841, but died thirty-one days later, making him the shortest-serving U.S. president. [70], The Americans suffered a defeat in the siege of Detroit. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [105] He promised to use patronage to create a qualified staff, not to enhance his own standing in government, and under no circumstance would he run for a second term. Van Buren didnt attend the inauguration, following the lead set by the two other one-term presidents, John Adams and his son John Quincy Adams. This letter is addressed to general Harrison; he demands that the Indian lands be returned. More than 30,000 people converged on the state capital for a parade featuring log cabins and canoes on wheels and a ten-foot-high rolling ball that inspired the phrase Keep the ball rolling. A jeweler from a nearby town wrote a song with a lyric that became the campaigns slogan: Tippecanoe and Tyler Too. The Whigs mounted elaborate rallies across the nation and log cabinthemed election merchandise took the country by storm, becoming the first campaign logo. President John Quincy Adams appoints William Henry Harrison ambassador to Gran Colombia. It was a cold and windy day, but Harrison didnt wear a coat or hat. Hoping to deny the Democrats an electoral majority, the newly formed Whig Party picked Harrison as one of the partys four candidates because of his name recognition. [2] His father also served in the Virginia legislature and as the fifth governor of Virginia (17811784) in the years during and after the American Revolutionary War. 2020 Virginia Humanities, All Rights Reserved , Native Lands Appropriated for White Settlement in the Northwest Territory. Anna Harrison, the only First Lady never to have lived in the White House, died in February 1864 and also was interred there. He was serving in the Army at the time and sold the land to his brother. Harrison also appeared to give Webster's supporters some highly coveted patronage positions. [47], Harrison's primary responsibility was to obtain title to Indian lands that would allow future settlement and increase the territory's population, a requirement for statehood. His grandson Benjamin Harrison was the 23rd president of the United States (188993). It left the former struck by Harrison's "deeply imbued principles of liberty". of United States", "Biographical SketchWilliam Henry Harrison", "William Henry Harrison (17731841) Biography", "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Corydon Historic District", "William Henry Harrison: Shady Treaty Maker (quoting Owens)", "A Brief History of Race and Politics in Indiana", "Presidential Series William H. Harrison", "Treaty with the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawnees, Senecas, and Miamis (1814)", "William Henry Harrison: Campaigns and Elections", "How Close Were The Presidential Elections? WebWilliam Henry Harrison's inaugural address lasted nearly two hours, but in the days before electronic media, oratory of such duration was common. Harrison was assigned to Fort Washington in the small village of Cincinnati in the future Ohio Territory. The inaugural address was a detailed statement of the Whig agenda, a repudiation of Jackson's and Van Buren's policies, and the first and only formal articulation by Harrison of his approach to the presidency. [51] Biographer Freehling asserts that the Indians perceived the ownership of land was as common to all, just as the air that is breathed. Because her father objected to the match, the couple married in secret. [88], Burr closes his account of Harrison by describing an event, denied by some of his friendsa reception given the general at Philadelphia, in 1836. [90] The Village of North Bend, Ohio as well as the alumni of Ohio State University claim that the state's use of the nickname "Buckeyes" began with Harrison's campaign message. William Henry Harrison invented the inaugural parade [12] Congress had legislated a territorial policy that led to high land costs, a primary concern for settlers in the Territory; Harrison became their champion to lower those prices. The Inaugural Address - White House Historical Association William Henry Harrison WebWilliam Henry Harrison delivered the longest Inaugural address, at 8,445 words, on March 4, 1841a bitterly cold, wet day. [90][91][92], Harrison ran in all the non-slave states except Massachusetts, and in the slave states of Delaware, Maryland, and Kentucky. 1789. The following year Harrisons mother died. He attempted to secure the post as Secretary of War under President Monroe in 1817 but lost out to John C. Calhoun. It is possible that he was already feeling unwell, for in addressing supporters before leaving for the White House, he said he probably would not see any of them again. I wish them carried out. [49] The Treaty of Fort Wayne (1809) raised new tensions when Harrison purchased more than 2.5million acres (10,000km2) from the Potawatomi, Delaware, Miami, and Eel River tribes. WebWilliam Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 April 4, 1841) was the 9th president of the United States. [19] Harrison asked the judge for permission to marry Anna but was refused, so the couple waited until Symmes left on business. William Henry Harrison was the 9th president of the United States, a term that lasted barely a month. Some Indians disputed the authority of the tribes joining in the treaty. William Henry Harrison was buried near his home in North Bend, Ohio. Updates? The Whigs encouraged womens participation throughout Virginia, overturning long-standing cultural constrains on public partisanship by women. [33], Harrison defeated Arthur St. Clair Jr. by one vote to become the Northwest Territory's first congressional delegate in 1798 at age 26, and served in the Sixth United States Congress from March 4, 1799, to May 14, 1800. Tenskwatawa and his forces fled to Canada, and their campaign to unite the tribes of the region to reject assimilation failed. In 1803 Harrison also became a special commissioner charged with negotiating with Native Americans on the subject of boundary or lands. Succumbing to the demands of land-hungry whites, he negotiated a number of treaties between 1802 and 1809 that stripped Indians of millions of acres of landin the southern part of the present state of Indiana and portions of the present states of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Missouri. John Tyler (April 9, 1841), Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Charles Balthazar Julien Fvret de Saint-Mmin, William Henry Harrison 1840 presidential campaign, William Henry Harrison Tomb State Memorial, List of memorials to William Henry Harrison, List of presidents of the United States by previous experience, List of presidents of the United States who died in office, Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps, "William Henry Harrison: Life Before the Presidency", "Warren Harding and 5 other presidents who have faced 'love child' questions", "William Henry Harrison, 9th Pres. [104] Freehling opines that speeches like this were actually common at the time, and that its irony was rich, as Harrison, "a lifelong office seeker, elected by deeply partisan politics, criticized both".[105]. At Fort Washington, Harrisons polish and coolness under fire impressed his commander, General Mad Anthony Wayne, who commanded the newly organized Legion of the United States, which had been formed to defend the countrys territorial claims against Indian tribes. [18], Harrison met Anna Tuthill Symmes of North Bend, Ohio in 1795 when he was 22. [12] The work of recording the activities of the territory was tedious, and he soon became bored, and sought a position in the U. S. On March 24, he came down with a cold. Voter turnout shot to a spectacular 80%, 20 points higher than the previous election. Harrison served as general of the Army of the Northwest during the War of 1812 (18121815). Learn about Old Tippecanoe's marches against Native Americans and brief term as president of the United States. He played no role in picking his running mate, former Virginia senator John Tyler, who grew up right down the road from Harrison in Charles City County. Several monuments and memorial statues have been erected in tribute to Harrison. But he was far from young now, and when he followed the address with a round of receptions in his wet clothing, it resulted in a bad chill. William Henry Harrison negotiates the Treaty of Fort Wayne, under which the United States acquires 2.5 million acres of land from Native American tribes. Vice President Tyler rushed back from his Williamsburg house and was sworn in as the tenth president of the United States, becoming the first vice president to assume the presidency following the death of the president. He was also the first United States president to die in office, and a brief constitutional crisis On July 7, 1841, Harrison was buried in the family tomb in North Bend. WebWilliam Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 April 4, 1841) was an American military officer and politician who served as the ninth president of the United States.Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration in 1841, the shortest presidency in United States history. [26][27] In her 2012 biography of Harrison, author Gail Collins describes this as an unlikely story, although White believed it to be true. The following year, on November 25, he married Anna Tuthill Symmes. The popular vote margin was much closer, at fewer than 150,000 votes, though he carried nineteen of the twenty-six states. At the same time, the Shawnee chief Tecumseh was leading an intertribal resistance to white encroachment on Native American lands. [10] He briefly studied medicine at the University of Pennsylvania with Doctor Benjamin Rush and William Shippen Sr.[10] His older brother inherited their father's money, so he lacked the funds for his further medical schooling, which he had also discovered he didn't prefer. How long was William Henry Harrison He asked Harrison to nullify it and warned that Americans should not attempt to settle the lands sold in the treaty. Harrison's significance in presidential history does not lie in his brief term in office, but rather in the innovative campaign techniques designed by his party to secure him the office. Freehling indicates Harrison's missteps in Columbia were "bad and frequent", that he failed to properly maintain a position of neutrality in Columbian affairs, by publicly opposing Bolivar, and that Columbia sought his removal. [106], Harrison's lengthy speech offered vague clues about what his Presidency would offer to the people of the United States. As a slaveholder himself, he agreed with the right of states to control the matter: The lines, too, separating powers to be exercised by the citizens of one state from those of another seem to be so distinctly drawn as to leave no room for misunderstandingThe attempt of those of one state to control the domestic institutions of another can only result in feelings of distrust and jealousy, the certain harbingers of disunion, violence, and civil war, and the ultimate destruction of our free institutions.[106]. President John Quincy Adams wrote in his diary that Harrison, who he said had a lively and active but shallow mind, had become the greatest beggar and the most troublesome of all office-seekers. Nevertheless, on May 24, 1828, Adams named Harrison minister to Gran Colombia (which included present-day Colombia, Panama, Venezuela, Ecuador, and parts of Peru and Brazil). Harrison becomes known as Old Tippecanoe.. Lucy Kenney of Fredericksburg was among the first women to be a paid political pamphleteer, writing two campaign pamphletson behalf of Harrison. [46] The territorial capital was eventually moved to Corydon in 1813, and Harrison built a second home at nearby Harrison Valley. In subsequent years Harrison held several government positions. After Master Commandant Oliver Hazard Perrys naval victory in the Battle of Lake Erie on September 10, 1813, Harrison no longer had to remain on the defensive. [64][65], When reporting to Secretary Eustis, Harrison had informed him of the battle near the Tippecanoe River and that he had anticipated an attack. William Henry Harrison Despite this, the contretemps continued until the president's death. [133], Harrison's death called attention to an ambiguity in Article II, Section 1, Clause 6 of the Constitution regarding succession to the presidency. A few months after the War of 1812 broke out with Great Britain, Harrison was made a brigadier general and placed in command of all federal forces in the Northwest Territory. Harrison is often omitted in historical presidential rankings due to his brief tenure, with the rankings where he is ranked placing him significantly below average. William Henry Harrison | Biography, Presidency, & Facts General William Henry Harrison leads American troops to victory over the British and their Native American allies in the Battle of the Thames during the War of 1812. [21], Anna was frequently in poor health during the marriage, primarily because of her many pregnancies, yet she outlived William by 23 years, dying on February 25, 1864, at 88. [119] On Friday, March 26, Harrison became ill with cold-like symptoms and sent for his doctor, Thomas Miller, though he told the doctor he felt better after having taken medication for "fatigue and mental anxiety". -Appeals to pathos and ethos. All this only weakened Harrison further, and three weeks after taking office, he was clearly dying. At sixty-seven, Harrison was the oldest person to run for president at the time. White ran in the remaining slave states except for South Carolina. This was 3,000 words more than Taft 's which A very long speech and a very short Presidential term. The dispute was the catalyst of a disagreement between Harrison and the Department of War, which continued into the War of 1812. Today we are talking about William Henry Harrison. William Henry Harrison (1773-1841), Americas ninth president, served just one month in office before dying of pneumonia. Doctors were called in, but their medical practices were crude: heated suction cups to supposedly draw out the disease, and the same bleeding tactics that had killed George Washington. The president was William Henry Harrison, who had been sworn in on March 4, 1841. He developed an interest in military history, especially Roman military history. Infectious disease deaths in Washington, D.C. National Republican Party United States senators, People from Charles City County, Virginia, Presidents of the United States who died while in office, Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio, United States Army personnel of the War of 1812, Whig Party presidents of the United States, Whig Party (United States) presidential nominees, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata namespace mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, John Cleves Symmes (17981830), who married the only surviving daughter of, This page was last edited on 26 April 2023, at 03:30. According to Burr, "Thousands and tens of thousands crowded Chesnut street wharf upon his arrival, and greeted him with continual cheering as he landed. Early on the morning of November 7, 1811, the Indians attacked Harrisons camp, but his troops prevailed and burned down Prophetstown. He would be promoted to the rank of major general in March 1813.

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