We also collaborate with our supply chain partners to develop the optimal packaging materials for your specific needs. endobj Other unitization techniques commonly used include shrink wrapping, bagging and strapping. #_$ZD+Ebi25_uAK|b\F5C:Ts:~Zo32>^\TN-K;xOd&.2,O{u*xK o pN$[ l@% .@=gu. Guidelines for storing and handling corrugated | Packaging World Consider: Is there overhang or underhang? Overall, the amount of recycled plastic containers and packaging in 2018 was almost 2 million tons or 13.6 percent of plastic containers and packaging generated. The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of paper and paperboard containers and packaging generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. This can negatively impact the corrugated materials moisture content and the effectiveness of the glue used in manufacturing. Extreme cold also affects moisture content, making the boxes more fragile. And the resulting higher cost is passed on to the consumer. Other paper and paperboard packaging in MSW includes milk and juice cartons and other products packaged in gable top cartons and liquid food aseptic cartons, folding cartons (e.g., cereal boxes, frozen food boxes, some department store boxes), bags and sacks, wrapping papers, and other paper and paperboard packaging (primarily set-up boxes such as shoe, cosmetic and candy boxes). Obtain useful information in regards to patient safety, suicide prevention, infection control and many more. The boxes they need for shipping represent, on average, less than 1% of the value of their contents. Please see the EPA Methodology Document for further information on estimating the generation and management of paper and paperboard. Standards & Guidelines relating to the corrugated industry - Fefco After all, they must need the product (they ordered it, right?). Container and packaging products, especially corrugated boxes, are among frequently recycled products. They are also larger, using more air volume to accommodate the greater weight of truck and load. No changes to content. Another area to examine is the force-to-load measurement, or the amount (in lbs.) 2 0 obj Therefore, it is worth protecting your inventory of empty corrugated boxes to ensure that: Guidelines for proper handling and storage of empty boxes, developed by theFibre Box Association and the Packaging Machinery Manufacturers Institute, have been summarized and presented below. All rights reserved. How to prevent score cracking in a box plant, Technical - TAPPI Additionally, the combustion of containers and packaging was 7.4 million tons (21.5 percent of total combustion with energy recovery) and landfills received 30.5 million tons (20.9 percent of total landfilling) in 2018. The moisture content of corrugated materials prefers a state of equilibrium with atmospheric humidity. Experience has demonstrated that a target moisture from 5.8 to 7.5% total combined board moisture works well throughout the year. How to test the moisture of Corrugated Boxes? - prestogroup See how our expertise and rigorous standards can help organizations like yours. EPA used data on resin sales from the American Chemistry Council to estimate the generation of plastic containers and packaging in 2018. In 2018, paper and paperboard (cardboard) materials comprised the largest component of municipal solid waste (MSW). Paper containers and packaging, excluding corrugated boxes, had a recycling rate of 20.8 percent, while corrugated boxes had a recycling rate of 96.5 percent in 2018. In 2018, the recycling rate of generated packaging and containers was 53.9 percent. Corrugated boxes can protect even the most fragile items, including glass and chemical liquids. The new national standard states that the moisture content of the paper should not be above 14%, which means that the paperboard has an . FEFCO members can download the document here OR please contact FEFCO at Houriet.lefebvre@fefco.org Ultimate Guide to Corrugated Boxes: Corrugated Packaging 101 (2023) Faced with the manufacturing-industry standard of a two-hour unload window or risk hefty detention charges, retailers frequently reject entire unit loads at the dockeven if only one or two cartons are damaged. Packaging products are comprised of different plastic resins. The estimated amount of glass containers recycled in 2018 was 3.1 million tons, or 31.3 percent of generation. Additionally, about 13 percent of the aluminum containers and packaging waste generated was combusted with energy recovery, while the remainder (52.1 percent) was landfilled. Many suppliers have paper or cardboard distribution boxes that are designed for use in laboratory, pharmacy, patient care areas or sterile storage areas. Containers and packaging are used in the shipping, storage and protection of products. However, once the . Some easy-to-overlook culprits are storage and handling practices. This was 11.8percent of MSW landfilled in 2018. 1 0 obj JavaScript appears to be disabled on this computer. When building pallet loads of flat boxes, use deck boards to distribute weight evenly. Corrugated cardboard boxes are no exception. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. In 2018, the estimated amount of generated wood pallets and other wood packaging was 11.5 million tons, totaling 3.9 percent of total MSW generation. This situation can be much like a double-edged sword. Additionally, about 14.3 percent of the wood containers and packaging waste generated was combusted with energy recovery, while the remainder (58.8 percent) was landfilled. If corrugated cardboard becomes wet, it becomes a source for bacterial growth. Check out our Frequent Questions page. Both cases can lead to failure. Whether the unit load is columnar or interlocking, whats desired is that the boxes stack in aligned fashion, something made less probable by boxes that are out-of-square. Informa Markets, a trading division of Informa PLC. The aim of this study was to develop a model to predict spatio-temporal moisture content distribution in corrugated fibreboard cartons under standard RFC shipping conditions. Corrugated is an engineered material, specified by paper grade, flute, style, manufacturers joint, and adhesivemainly. What is the national standard for moisture content of carton board In addition to any aforementioned approaches that can be modified for low humidity, inventory control can be effective, utilizing FIFO (first-in-first-out). Can retailers really afford to do this? This is why dew forms when the temperature drops. Corrugated boxes stored under ideal conditions will remain usable for a long period of time. If your boxes are crushing while stacked in your facility, or if you are planning to send product to areas where high humidity is prevalent, please contact us and allow FlexPAC to help you find the right solutions to your problems. Approximately 20.6 percent of the other miscellaneous packaging was combusted with energy recovery, while the majority was landfilled (79.4 percent). A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. For example, at 50% relative humidity (RH) a corrugated box is at 80% of its potential stacking strength. The corrugated industry produces the N1 transport packaging in the world. <>/XObject<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Also, corrugated boxes are constructed from paper, which is affected by ambient moisture in the atmosphere. Relative Humidity Effects on the Compression Strength of Corrugated Boxes The solution here is to make sure you are using the proper pallet size or the proper palletizing pattern to avoid overhang. At the single-facer, it is heated, moistened, and formed into a fluted pattern on geared wheels. EPA included estimates for some other miscellaneous packaging, such as bags made of textiles and small amounts of leather. Store boxes off the floor, on pallets or other flat dunnage. Another option would be to use corrugated pallet liners to cover the bottom of the pallet (pallet deck) to make it a solid surface. Better yet is to select a location close to where the corrugated is set up and filled. You may also want to look at reconfiguring the box dimensions to fit the pallet. When relative humidity increases, the corrugated board will pull moisture from the air until it reaches the same moisture content level. This may require storage away from doorways that are opened frequently. Store boxes indoors and protect them from overhead moisture. Cardboard in storage quantities (recommend consultation with your Fire Marshal) should be placed in hazardous areas protected per LS.02.01.30 and cannot obstruct the means of egress in accordance with standard LS.02.01.20. Sources: Aluminum Association data are used for generation of aluminum packaging and recycling of aluminum cans. Corrugated should be stored on pallets, ideally, which avoids direct contact with the floor and retains the means for mechanical handling (caution: forklifts, if operated carelessly, can damage corrugated). And unfortunately, humidity is one factor that cannot always be controlled. JavaScript appears to be disabled on this computer. Too much moisture can lead to weakened cellulose fibers, delamination, and weakened glue bonds. Furthermore, such a transparent standard, adapted to the material, also respects all its specific qualities (versatility, lightness, strength, recyclability). Less-than-ideal or fluctuating climate conditions reduce corrugate effectiveness and shorten its useful life. Additionally, about five percent of the steel containers and packaging waste generated was combusted with energy recovery, while the remainder (21.2 percent) was landfilled. Checkout our packaging and processing solutions finder, ProSource. Learn about the development and implementation of standardized performance measures. EPA based its generation estimates on data supplied by the Steel Recycling Institute (SRI). it means that all the well known requirements of other standards are met (e.g. It is useful and instructive for box design considerations to quantify the expected strength loss as a function of the equilibrated moisture content of corrugated board and so minimize box failure in high humidity . The stacking of unit loads saves space; however, some type of flat cover should be placed on the top of a unit load in order to evenly distribute the superimposed weight. The boxes provide the intended protection against damage, leakage or other loss. Excessive moisture or water can soften or even dissolve the corrugating adhesive, causing delamination; a box that literally falls apart wont offer much protection. )3$q:z]==V/_WwOw~cogf8{<>E5ep8\3^G}`*Y Advice for deriving the most from corrugated packaging. Typical accuracy is about 0.1% moisture. Nondurable goods made of paper, excluding newspapers, had a recycling rate of 43.1 percent, while newspapers had a recycling rate of 64.8 percent. If the relative humidity is low, the corrugated will give up moisture. Certifications from The Joint Commission represent the most stringent, comprehensive and evidence-based proof of the success of your program available. How appropriately stretch-wrap is applied can be a big factor in whether a product sustains damage. EPA estimated the amount of generation of aluminum cans using Aluminum Association data on the number of cans consumed domestically and on average can weight. Get a deep dive into our standards, chapter-by-chapter, individually or as a team. Get a Free Quote. OW8lF0Bd9n?DL0C S\E vmi]L'E`f ur4Z{.+};pf K@i%LEwpX9hH One solution to this problem is to stabilize the load by using stretch wrap. Incidentally, superimposed weight should be like-on-like, meaning, weights other than corrugated should not be superimposed on unit loads of corrugated. Alternate bundle direction, or alternate loose boxes at intervals for greater stability. 4 0 obj 834. . Still have a question about the data? A simple, effective solution can be to choose an area within the facility that is least susceptible to high-humidity conditions; for example, rather than an area close to the loading docks, with their routine raising of doors and the ingress of humidity, a better area is one that is farther into the interior of the facility. Excessive moisture or water can soften or even dissolve the corrugating adhesive, causing delamination; a box that literally falls apart won't offer much protection. All-in-one pharma carton printer streamlines production process, Improve line with portable high-speed cameras, Pepsi, Fanta Consider Digital Space in Spate of Soda Facelifts. Equilibrium moisture content for the corrugated fibreboard used in this Indianapolis, IN 46278 Learn more about the communities and organizations we serve. Facts and Figures about Materials, Waste and Recycling, Advancing Sustainable Materials Management: Facts and Figures Report page, Paper and Paperboard Containers and Packaging. Before putting together a plan to reduce package damage during distribution and transportation through the supply chain, you need to examine how damage occurs and ponder these questions. The corrugated medium is often 0.026 pounds per square foot (0.13 kg/m) basis weight in the U.S.; in the UK, a 90 grams per square metre (0.018 lb/sq ft) fluting paper is common. While having a certain amount of moisture in the air (around 6% 7%) will ensure proper creasing, avoid cracks, maintain good bending and impact resistance, as well as cushioning and shock absorption, higher humidity levels can actually have a negative impact on those characteristics of corrugated board that we value most. From travel distance to changes in road conditions and elevation, transportation can have wide-ranging effects on the level of product damage. How to ensure your best conveying project yet. Corrugated boxes were the largest single product category of MSW in 2018 at 33.3 million tons generated, or 11.4 percent of total generation. Some of these include polyethylene terephthalate (PET) soft drink and water bottles, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) milk and water jugs, film products (including bags and sacks) made of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and other containers and packaging (including clamshells, trays, caps, lids, egg cartons, loose fill, produce baskets, coatings and closures) made up of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP) and other resins. After recycling, the combustion of corrugated boxes was 230,000 tons, and landfills received 940,000 tons in 2018. Data on the production of wood packaging are derived from purchased market research and research from the Center for Forest Products at Virginia Tech and the United States Department of Agriculture's Forest Service Southern Research Station. 19-0 . A key element of this strategy is a root cause analysis, which reveals the where, what, why aspects of product damage, setting the stage for impactful, money-saving improvements throughout the supply chain. Climate and geography can be significant contributors to product damage. . 2 0 obj The total amount of paper and paperboard combusted in 2018 was 4.2 million tons. EPA estimates the recycling of steel packaging in 2018 as 1.6 million tons, or 73.8 percent of generation. Those unit loads can be unstable and therefore hazardous, since they can collapse on their own and more probably under a superimposed load. Read our latest Playbook to discover how to ensure efficient product handling, best practices For example, at 50% relative humidity (RH) a corrugated box is at 80% of its potential stacking strength. How the unit load is designed and interacts with material handling, packaging and transportation go a long way to determining the extent, if any, of damage. Wandering around hoping to find treasuresor in this case, problemsisnt a strategy when so much money is on the line. This may be avoided by choosing pallets with deckboards that are strategically positioned so all of the vertical edges of the box (corners) are being supported. Official websites use .gov Pallets made with green wood can have a moisture content (MC) ranging from 50-100% and can easily contain more than ten pounds of water. Ensure that pallets are free of nails, large splinters, and other sharp objects that can damage corrugated boxes. The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of plastic containers and packaging generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. Evidence of damage is heavy creasing to the corrugate, a punctured case or other tell-tale signs, such as tears and rips. Store boxes flat from the time they are received until they are ready for use. Get more information about cookies and how you can refuse them by clicking on the learn more button below. If no, please comment on how we could improve this response. 3 0 obj The main purpose of packaging is to provide protection for products. EPA measures the generation, recycling, composting, combustion with energy recovery and landfilling of paper and paperboard products. Functionally, corrugated becomes brittle and crinkly. For more comprehensive information on this category of MSW, see the 2018 Data Tables on the Advancing Sustainable Materials Management: Facts and Figures Report page. Implementing this GMP means having a total control system in place in each manufacturing plant. Common sense dictates that old inventory be used before starting on the new. Train your staff with a tool to quickly and efficiently assess standards compliance with our Hospital Compliance Assessment Workbook. rAbuZrVI4*S~BA/9xd)0u Represents the most recent date that the FAQ was reviewed (e.g. The corrugated paper, the properties of the base material of the base paper directly to the final quality of the fine in a package is assembled. All rights reserved. This means that the cases are doing their job to protect whats inside. Gene Bodenheimer, senior vice president, retail logistics damage research at Genco,leads the companys team responsible for investigating solutions for unsaleable products as well assupply chain solutions within Genco's retail vertical. <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Engineering, however, does not solve every problem that can be encountered with corrugated. A matter of protection: The environment or the product? Contact us to get started on your next project. All rights reserved. PDF Moisture Content: A Key Issue for Manufacturing and Printing of The construction of a box can become even more complicated for dangerous goods. As much as 11% of unit loads arriving at a distribution center have some level of case damage. Corrugate is 71% weaker at 95% humidity vs. 50% humidity. Corrugated packaging Custom solutions made from renewable resources that protect and promote your goods. Ideally, there should be no gaps between cases that are stacked on top of each other. Easy Way to Analyze Moisture Content of Corrugated Boxes During production of corrugated boards, manufacturers often face a unique problem caused by inaccurate control of moisture; if the moisture content of the corrugated box is higher, it may leads to collapsing of the box. This article will use the word corrugated to refer to boxes in the KD (knocked-down) position, in contrast to the erected box. Leave the strapping, bundling or other unitizing device in place until boxes are ready for use. This Standards FAQ was first published on this date. However, once the corrugated is manufactured, moisture regulation is critical, so the corrugated board is dried to achieve a moisture content of 10-12% to optimize it for strength and prevent box manufacturing issues, such as: Maintaining the moisture content of the corrugated box plays a critical role in its performance. The logical question one would ask, then, Is all the packaging thats being used necessary? In many cases, the answer is no. | Moisture Content Testing | Center for Packaging and Unit Load Design Were all familiar with how easily paper can soak up liquids. Stretch Wrapper + Film Cost and ROI Calculator, 6075 Lakeside Blvd The paper moisture influence to the carton reliability Pallets should be of quality construction; otherwise, splinters, protruding nails, and other defects can inflict damage. Heat can reduce the moisture content of corrugated boxes, making them brittle. According to industry numbers, corrugated is utilized for 95% of packaged goods, with boxes (i.e. With the aim to contribute to the sustainability of packaging, the FEFCO Corrugated Packaging Recyclability Guidelinesprovide the industry with a practical set of tools to implement in the recycling of paper and board to ensure the optimal use of natural resources and minimise their environmental impact. SRI also provided recycling data for steel containers and packaging. Keep learning with our Hospital Breakfast Briefings Webinar Series. Conveying, Feeding, and Handling Playbook, Packaging World News Roundup: Bottles and Cans, Packaging World News Roundup: Co-Packing and Manufacturing, Packaging World News Roundup: Contract Packaging. Moisture Content testing measures the moisture content currently contained in corrugated board. MoistTech is very experienced with the requirements in the corrugated board moisture control process. Containers and packaging make up a major portion ofmunicipal solid waste (MSW), amounting to 82.2 million tons of generation in 2018 (28.1 percent of total generation). The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of wood packaging generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. Is there a viable solution? Registered in England and Wales. Shock and vibration can affect stiff trailers with no cushion load. The data below are from 1960 to 2018, relating to the total number of tons of aluminum containers and packaging generated, recycled, composted, combusted with energy recovery and landfilled. Moisture Resistant Adhesives (MRA) of 0.5%-1.0% liquid resin (assuming 50% solids content) shall be used in the converting process for boxes manufactured in Europe, North America, and Australia. However, over time, cases can shift, creating a gap that can lead to product damage. Aluminum containers and packaging include beer and soft drink cans (including all carbonated and non-carbonated soft drinks, tea, tonic, waters and juice beverages), other cans, and foil and closures (including semi-rigid foil containers, caps, closures and flexible packaging). But is there an optimal balance between overpackaging and underpackaging? In other words, this cannot be a needle in a haystack approach. In the end, supply chains suffer, manufacturer-retailer relationships are jeopardized, and consumers wind up paying. corrugated boxes. Informa PLC's registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. In fact, its possible that damage waste has a greater adverse impact on the environment than the extra packaging itself. What About Cobb Testing? | ICC Compliance Center Paper containers and packaging, excluding corrugated boxes, had a recycling rate of 20.8percent, while corrugated boxes had a recycling rate of 96.5percent in 2018. Each component of the supply chainpackage design, manufacturing, transportation, warehousing/distribution, retail support, retail operationsas well as Mother Nature herself can be a source of damage. endobj What is The Joint Commission's position on managing cardboard or corrugated boxes and shipping containers? And if there has to be an investment in storage racks, a favorable tradeoff is that the specified heights of unit loads can be increased, leading to increased storage densities, and later, increased handling efficiencies. The generation of steel food cans and other cans, and other steel packaging (e.g., strapping, and steel barrels and drums), totaled 2.2 million tons in 2018 (0.8 percent of total MSW generation), with most of that amount representing cans for food products. Beginning in 2009, the Glass Packaging Institute provided production data. In 2018, the recycling rate of generated packaging and containers was 53.9 percent. FEFCO GMP standard is developed for the manufacturing of packaging made of corrugated board in order to support companies to fulfilthe legal requirements according to EU Regulations 1935/2004/EG for food contact materials and EU Regulation 2023/2006 on good manufacturing practices (See document below). Mitigating packaging damage in the supply chain Throughout its time in storage and up to the time its erected into a box, corrugated should remain flat and never stored on its edge. Pinwheeling helps to more fully utilize the space in a trailer or container when there is inadequate width to permit loading two turned pallets side by side. The more in-depth information you uncover and the more precisely you can identify the sources of the issues, the better youll be able to develop and execute a corrective action plan.
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acceptable moisture content in corrugated boxes