Atlantas Jewish Population Having been steered away from farming by historical circumstances (for example, many of the governments in Europe imposed restrictions on their owning land), Jews across Georgia tended to gravitate toward nonagricultural work. } By 1992 the Jewish population was estimated at more than 70,000. (1861-65) the Jewish population in Atlanta had doubled, their small numbers still precluded the establishment of formal religious institutions. Mark K. Bauman, Harry H. Epstein and the Rabbinate as Conduit for Change (Rutherford, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1994). Watch on. South African Jewish journalist Jeremy Gordin murdered in home Kyle Burney shares about his relationship with his mother, Kay Burney. The Federation was (and remains) the umbrella organization for funding the community's institutions and charitable programs, while the Hebrew Orphans' Home served nearly 400 children in the first 25 years, later transitioning toward aiding foster care and supporting widows, and ultimately closing in 1930. Graphs are temporarily unavailable due to technical issues. JELF (Jewish Educational Loan Fund) helps Jewish students by providing interest-free loans for higher education. In 1992 the Jewish population was estimated at more than 70,000. OHT offers a full range of services, classes, and programs, with something for everyone, including Daily and weekly prayer services,Torah study and educational Atlanta Jewish Foundation Marx also served as ambassador to the Gentiles, the unofficial voice of the Jewish community. padding-right: 8px; Federation has evolved from being primarily a fundraising organization to the convener of a dynamic Jewish ecosystem. display: block; Jewish Community of Atlanta. Frank's case went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, where the appeal was denied a final time. Sam Massell was elected mayor of Atlanta in 1969, the first Jew to hold that office in the city. It included the womens organizations as well as the Jewish Educational Alliance (1909), a settlement-type entity, and the Free Loan Association. After the commutation of his death sentence to life in prison by Governor, , who believed him innocent, Frank was abducted from prison and lynched by citizens of, , Phagans hometown. It was not until the Great Depression that the Standard Club stopped discriminating on this basis, and by and large, it was not until World War II that the barriers between German and Yiddish Jews fell. Torah study, love and support for Israel, and celebrating and learning from each others differences make up our core values. History of the Jews in Atlanta - Wikipedia (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), Through his trial and appeals Frank was caricatured as the northern businessman and Jew out to exploityoung women from the rural South. This dynamic also visible in the realm of Jewish communal organizations. The Atlanta race massacre of 1906 and a series of strikes against the Elsas familys Fulton Bag and Cotton Company, at one time the citys largest industrial employer, formed part of the backdrop for the Leo Frank incident, possibly the most dramatic case of anti-Semitism in American history. In 1936 the Coca-Cola Company attorney Harold Hirsch helped reorganize Atlanta's Jewish social service agencies. Lilli Jennison shares about her relationship with her mother, Risa Jennison. The rapid influx of Jews contributed to the creation of religious institutions. Unlike decades prior when Leo Frank was lynched, the bombing spurred an outpouring of support from the broader Atlanta community. Yet the, shattered the sense of security felt by Atlantas Jews, who were routinely excluded from the citys elite social clubs. [7], On June 21, 1915, Governor Slaton commuted Frank's sentence to life in prison. "[9] Meanwhile, Frank's trial received full coverage in Atlanta's three competing newspapers, and public outrage only continued to grow over the murder. Medinat Yisrael- We strongly support the State of Israel and believe in its religious significance. span.meta-category a { From Cleveland, Ohio, for example, came Morris Rich, who, with his brothers, built the retail business that became Richs Department Store. The JEA facility was completed in 1911 and surplus funds were used to start a free health clinic in the building. New Deal agencies alleviated the need for private charity, and anti-Semitism at home and Adolf Hitlers policies in Germany resulted in a switch in priorities to overseas relief. [2] This has been coupled with an increasing number of kosher restaurants and supermarket sections and the establishment of eruvim in several northern suburbs. In the last few decades, the community has steadily become one of the ten largest in the United States. [2], Under the 51-year tenure of Rabbi David Marx, the members of The Temple were used to the idea that if it wanted acceptance, it could not afford to rock the boat in non-Jewish/Christian Atlanta society or cause conflict. Some historians argue that prejudice against African Americans shielded Jews in the South from discrimination. The story is told through photographs, documents, personal memorabilia, family pictures, and in the voices of those who survived and made new lives in Atlanta. Life & Legacy | Atlanta Jewish Foundation When Jimmy Carter, who had been Governor of Georgia, was elected President in 1976 several Atlanta Jews such as Stuart E. Eizenstat and Robert Lipshutz moved to Washington with him to work in the administration. As its population has risen, it has also become the Southern location of many national Jewish organizations, and today there are a multitude of Jewish institutions. } In 1924 Rich's Department Store opened its flagship store in downtown Atlanta, where it remained until 1991. Almost all of the people were immigrants from central Europe, mostly the Germanic states. that academic success is inextricably tied to building social-emotional competencies. Join Hadassah Greater Atlanta and Jumpspark to honor outstanding students nominated by Jewish day schools, religious schools, and volunteer organizations at the annual Hadassah Greater Atlanta Chesed (Loving JF&CS has launched our 2nd annual Purim to Passover Food Drive in response to the growing needs in our community. Bat mitzvah celebrations for girls took place for the first time, although they were still prohibited from reading from the Torah, and women joined the synagogue choir. Linda Frank shares a tribute her to her daughter, Angie Frank Nothdurft. [12], Leo Frank's lynching had a massive impact on the Atlanta Jewish community, and in many ways still does today. if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; The editor of the Atlanta Constitution newspaper, Ralph McGill, wrote a powerful editorial in the paper denouncing the bombing and any tolerance for hatred in the city, for which he won a Pulitzer Prize. Where your support sustains the causes you care about. A Jewish old-age home (1951) was created as was the Bureau of Jewish Education (1946) and the Hebrew Academy (1953). The Atlanta Jewish community grew tremendously during the last quarter of the twentieth century. Steve Oney, And the Dead Shall Rise: The Murder of Mary Phagan and the Lynching of Leo Frank (New York: Pantheon, 2003). (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ While five people were arrested, and one tried, no one was ever convicted of the crime. [11] The case has been called the "American Dreyfus affair", as both centered around falsely accused wealthy assimilated Jewish men whose trials, based on minimal evidence, were the catalysts of anti-Semitic fervor in the masses which then led to their convictions. Over the course of the investigation, multiple suspects were arrested and released before police came to believe that Frank was likely the killer. Rabbi Epstein's move towards the Conservative movement was influenced by what he perceived as a rightward shift in the U.S. In the late 19th century, a wave of Jewish migration from Eastern Europe brought less wealthy, Yiddish speaking Jews to the area, in stark contrast to the established Jewish community. Through his trial and appeals Frank was caricatured as the northern businessman and Jew out to exploityoung women from the rural South. 20042023 Georgia Humanities, University of Georgia Press. The congregation, now called the Temple, adopted Reform practices and beliefs more acceptable to middle-class America and its acculturating Jews. [8][7] As to the atmosphere that led to Frank's prosecution, historian Nancy MacLean said it "[could] be explained only in light of the social tensions unleashed by the growth of industry and cities in the turn-of-the-century South. Euro GO (Girls Only) Travel with great girls from across the country around Europe for two weeks before journeying to Israel to visit Safed, Eilat, Tiberias and many more cities and sites on this co-ed trip. Organized By MJCCA: Marcus Jewish Community Center of Atlanta Filed Under: Adult Education Adults Advocacy & Politics Arts & Culture Business & Networking Family Health & Wellness History & Holocaust Israel & Overseas LGBTQ Men Science & Technology Spirituality Women Young Professionals Sep 11, 12:00 am MJCCA Harry The mid-1940s to 1950s witnessed the beginning of Atlantas coming of age as a center of southern Jewry. 2023 Mother's Day Tribute: Toby Gutterman Streetman. When the war was over and the city was left to rebuild after it had largely been burnt down when General Sherman and his troops approached the city, Jews played a larger role than before in the city's public sphere and its society. Certainly this is the case in comparison with American racism and European outbreaks against the Jews culminating in the Holocaust. Information about your use of this site is shared with Google. Immigration & the establishment of congregations, History of the Jews in the Byzantine Empire, Hebrew Benevolent Congregation Temple bombing, William Breman Jewish Heritage & Holocaust Museum, "Oakland Tours in Focus: The Jewish Grounds of Oakland", "Struggling With Leo Frank's Lynching a Century Later", "The ADL and KKK, born of the same murder, 100 years ago", "Counterblast: How the Atlanta Temple Bombing Strengthened the Civil Rights Cause", "Catalyst for change: Visionary leader Sam Massell ushered in new eras in Atlanta politics and commerce", "Conflicting Views of 1967 War Mark Anniversary", "Family of slain Israeli athletes reflect with Jews of Atlanta", "Israelis Divided From Rest of Jewish Atlanta", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_Jews_in_Atlanta&oldid=1147131015, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 29 March 2023, at 01:21. [17] The congregation's next rabbi, Jacob Rothschild, however, took a different attitude and felt that advocating against segregation and discrimination were moral imperitaves, controversial or not. [7], After being commuted, Frank was transferred to the prison in Milledgeville, over 100 miles from Marietta, Phagan's hometown. Ramah Israel Seminar is a six-week travel program in Israel, designed for entering 12th graders who are graduates of the ten Ramah overnight camps in North America. Max C. Gettinger, Coming of Age: The Atlanta Jewish Federation, 1962-1982 (Hoboken, N.J.: KTAV Publishing House, 1994). in the Greater Atlanta Jewish community each week. The mid-1940s to 1950s witnessed the beginning of Atlanta's coming of age as a center of southern Jewry. Often selling cheaply and on credit, the Jewish community opened a consumer window and thus filled a critical economic niche as merchants. The New Georgia Encyclopedia does not hold the copyright for this media resource and can neither grant nor deny permission to republish or reproduce the image online or in print. Children and parents from a couple of Atlanta private schools recently showed up at city hall during a school day to urge city council members not to go ahead Brett Shulman shares about his relationship with his mother, Jenna Shulman. CIE to Engage Teens in Unfolding Israeli Democracy. [2] That changed in 1860s, after the founding of the Hebrew Benevolent Society, started as a burial society, which led to the creation of the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in 1867. transform: unset !important; Responding to Ralph McGill's piece about the bombing, the daughter of slain Florida NAACP director Henry T. Moore lamented the lack of similar outcry or care on the part of the government at the state or federal levels in investigating the crime. Although most Atlanta Jews remained silent concerning black rightsthe majority out of fear, but some out of acceptance of southern racial moresa few condemned discrimination during the 1920s and 1930s, especially through the Atlanta Urban League. The New Georgia Encyclopedia does not hold the copyright for this media resource and can neither grant nor deny permission to republish or reproduce the image online or in print.
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